Associação fitoterápica no tratamento de feridas cutâneas induzidas em equinos / Herbal combination in the treatment of equine skin induced wounds

Estudou-se a eficácia do uso tópico de um produto comercial constituído por uma associação fitoterápica como promotor da cicatrização de feridas induzidas em equinos. Uma lesão cutânea em forma de quadrado, com 5cm de lado, foi produzida cirurgicamente em ambos os lados da região glútea de oito cavalos adultos. Aleatoriamente um dos lados foi escolhido como tratado, permanecendo o contralateral como controle. As lesões do lado controle foram lavadas com água e detergente neutro e, no lado tratado, foi realizado o mesmo procedimento, seguido de aplicação tópica da associação fitoterápica. As evoluções macroscópica e microscópica do processo cicatricial foram avaliadas, e a área de cada ferida determinada no decorrer do período experimental. Foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre os lados em relação aos valores de área das feridas. Na última avaliação, o lado controle apresentou valor médio de área de 0,70cm², e o lado tratado de 1,23cm². A contração cicatricial observada em 77 dias de evolução cicatricial foi de 97,57% para o lado controle e de 95,59% para o lado tratado.

The efficiency of the topical use of a commercial product constituted by a herbal combination on the healing evolution of equine induced wounds was studied. A skin lesion in the shape of a square with 5cm sides was surgically produced on both sides of the buttocks of eight adult horses. One side was considered control and another one treated. Both control and treated sides were rinsed with water and neutral soap. Additionally, the wound on the treated side received the topical treatment with the herbal combination. Macroscopic and microscopic healing evolution of the wounds was evaluated and their areas were determined during the experimental period. There was statistical difference between wound areas. At the last evaluation, the average area of the control side was 0.70cm² and of the treated side was 1.23cm². The contraction of scar observed at 77 days was 97.57% for the control side and 95.59% for the treated side.

Expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 on lymphocytes of leprosy patients

Leprosy is caused by Mycobacterium leprae, which induces chronic granulomatous infection of the skin and peripheral nerves. The disease ranges from the tuberculoid to the lepromatous forms, depending on the cellular immune response of the host. Chemokines are thought to be involved in the immunopathogenesis of leprosy, but few studies have investigated the expression of chemokine receptors on leukocytes of leprosy patients. In the present study, we evaluated 21 leprosy patients (M/F: 16/5) with a new diagnosis from the Dermatology Outpatient Clinic of the University Hospital, Federal University of Minas Gerais. The control group was composed of 20 healthy members (M/F: 15/5) of the community recruited by means of announcements. The expression of CCR2, CCR3, CCR5, and CXCR4 was investigated by flow cytometry on the surface of peripheral blood lymphocytes. There was a decrease in percentage of CD3+CXCR4+ and CD4+CXCR4+ lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of leprosy patients (median [range], 17.6 [2.7-41.9] and 65.3 [3.9-91.9], respectively) compared to the control group (median [range], 43.0 [3.7-61.3] and 77.2 [43.6-93.5], respectively). The percentage of CD4+CXCR4+ was significantly lower in patients with the tuberculoid form (median [range], 45.7 [0.0-83.1]) of the disease, but not in lepromatous patients (median [range], 81.5 [44.9-91.9]). The CXCR4 chemokine receptor may play a role in leprosy immunopathogenesis, probably directing cell migration to tissue lesions in tuberculoid leprosy patients.

Effect of maternal hydration on the increase of amniotic fluid index

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of maternal hydration with oral isotonic solution and water on the amniotic fluid (AF) index of women with normohydramnios. Women with a normal AF index and gestational age between 33 and 36 weeks without maternal complications were randomized into three groups [isotonic solution (Gatorade®), water, control]. The isotonic solution and water groups were instructed to drink 1.5 L of the respective solution and the control group was instructed to drink 200 mL water over a period of 2 to 4 h. AF index was measured before and after hydration by Doppler ultrasonography. The investigator performing the AF index measurement was blind to the subject’s group. Ninety-nine women completed the study without any adverse maternal effects. The median increase in AF index after hydration was significantly greater for the isotonic solution and water groups than for the control group. There was no significant difference between the isotonic solution and water groups. Hydration with isotonic solution and water caused a 10-fold (95 percentCI: 2.09-49.89) and 6-fold (95 percentCI: 1.16-30.95) increase in the chance of a 20 percent increase of AF index, respectively. Maternal hydration with isotonic solution or water increased the AF index in women with normohydramnios.

Fatigue in a cohort of geriatric patients with and without Parkinson's disease

We evaluated the frequency of fatigue in geriatric patients with and without Parkinson’s disease (PD) and correlated it with depression and excessive daytime sleepiness. We evaluated 100 patients from Hospital São Paulo, 50 with PD from the Neurologic Outpatient Clinic and 50 with non-neurologic diseases or oncologic diseases from the Geriatric Outpatient Clinic (controls). All patients who scored 28 or more on the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) were considered to have fatigue. Also, all patients were submitted to a structured interview to diagnose depression by the criteria of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-IV, 4th version) and were evaluated by the Modified Impact of Fatigue Scale and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESE) to detect excessive daytime sleepiness. Demographic and disease details of all PD patients were recorded and the patients were examined and rated by the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Sale (UPDRS) and Hoehn-Yahr staging. Frequency of fatigue (FSS ≥28) was 70% for PD and 22% for controls. Twenty of 35 PD patients with fatigue had concomitant depression. Comparedto controls, PD patients were found more frequently to have depression by DSM-IV criteria (44 vs 8%, respectively) and excessive daytime sleepiness by the ESE (44 vs 16%), although only depression was associated with fatigue. Fatigue was more frequent among depressed PD and control patients and was not correlated with PD duration or with UPDRS motor scores. ESE scores did not differ between patients with or without fatigue.

Uso tópico de ketanserina na cicatrização de feridas cutâneas induzidas em equinos / Topical use of kentaserin on healing of experimentally-induced skin wounds in horses

Estudou-se a eficácia do uso tópico de ketanserina como promotor da cicatrização de feridas cutâneas induzidas em equinos. As feridas foram produzidas em ambos os metâmeros na região da garupa de oito cavalos adultos, em formato quadrangular, medindo cinco centímetros de lado. Aleatoriamente um dos metâmeros foi escolhido como tratado, permanecendo o contralateral como controle. As lesões do grupocontrole foram lavadas somente com água e detergente neutro e no grupo tratado foi realizado o mesmo procedimento seguido de aplicação tópica de ketanserina. A evolução macroscópica e microscópica do processo cicatricial foi avaliada e a área de cada ferida determinada no decorrer do período experimental. Não foram verificadas diferenças significativas entre as feridas do grupo-controle e do grupo tratado com ketanserina durante 56 dias de avaliação.

The efficiency of topical use of kentaserin on healing evolution of induced skin wounds in horses was studied. The experimental surgical wounds were made in both sides of the croup of eight adult horses. The wounds were square-shaped measuring 5cm of each side. One side was considered control and the opposite one treated. Both control and treated animals were rinsed with water and neutral soap. Additionally, the wound on the treated horses received the topical treatment with ketanserin. Macroscopic and microscopic healing evolution of the wounds was evaluated and their areas were determined during the experimental period. The use of topical ketanserin showed no difference between the control and the treated wounds during a period of 56 days.

Perfil de natimortalidade de acordo com ordem de nascimento, peso e sexo de leitões / Stillbirth pattern according to birth order, birth weight, and gender of piglets

Foram acompanhados 575 partos para avaliar a influência da ordem de nascimento, do sexo e do peso dos leitões na ocorrência de natimortos. Dos 7061 leitões, 90,2 por cento, 6,0 por cento e 3,8 por cento nasceram vivos, natimortos ou mumificados, respectivamente. O percentual de partos com natimortos foi 44,5 por cento. Partos com dois ou mais natimortos foram responsáveis por 63,1 por cento das perdas por natimortalidade, embora tenham sido responsáveis por 17,2 por cento das leitegadas. O percentual de natimortos aumentou com a ordem de nascimento; a maior taxa de natimortos, 21,7 por cento, ocorreu a partir da 14ª ordem. A taxa de natimortalidade foi de 3,6 por cento e 10,1 por cento nos leitões de primeira a nona e de 10ª a 13ª ordem, respectivamente. Em leitões com até 500g a taxa de natimortos foi de 52,1 por cento, mais alta que a de leitões mais pesados. Em leitões com 501 a 1200g foi de 10,1 por cento, maior que entre os com mais de 1200g (4,0 por cento). Não houve efeito de sexo dos leitões na ocorrência de natimortos, que foi de 6,2 por cento e 5,8 por cento para machos e fêmeas, respectivamente. A natimortalidade é maior entre os leitões com baixo peso ou com ordem de nascimento elevada.

To examine the influence of birth order, gender, and birth weight of piglets on stillbirth, records of 575 farrowings were analyzed. Out of 7,061 piglets, 90.2 percent, 6.0 percent, and 3.8 percent were born alive, stillborns and mummified, respectively. The percentage of farrowings with stillborns was 44.5 percent. Farrowings with two or more stillborns accounted for 63.1 percent of losses, although they produced 17.2 percent of the litters. Stillbirth rate increased with the increase of the birth order. Piglets born from the 14th order onward had the highest stillbirth rate (21.7 percent). Piglets born from the 1st to the 9th and from the 10th to the 13th order had stillbirth rates of 3.6 percent and 10.1 percent, respectively. For piglets weighting up to 500g, the stillbirth rate was 52.1 percent, which was higher than that recorded for heavier piglets. Piglets weighting from 501 to 1,200g had a stillbirth rate of 10.1 percent, which was higher than that observed for piglets weighing more than 1,200g (4.0 percent). There was no effect of gender of piglets on stillbirth occurrence, which reachead 6.2 percent and 5.8 percent for males and females, respectively. The stillbirth occurrence was higher for low weight piglets or higher birth order.

Alterações morfológicas e funcionais dos rins de cães com insuficiência renal crônica / Morphologic and functional alterations of the kidneys of dogs with chronic renal failure

Alterações morfológicas de 11 casos de cães com insuficiência renal foram caracterizadas e classificadas de acordo com os padrões estabelecidos pela Organização Mundial de Saúde para seres humanos. Glomerulonefrite esclerosante difusa foi diagnosticada em 82,0 por cento dos animais e nefrite intersticial crônica nos 18,0 por cento restantes. Os tipos e freqüência das lesões identificadas foram similares às encontradas na literatura para a insuficiência renal crônica.

Morphologic alterations of 11 cases of dogs with renal failure were characterized and classified according to the patterns established by the World Health Organization for human beings. Diffuse sclerosing glomerulonephritis was diagnosed in 82.0 percent of the animals and chronic interstitial nephritis in the remaining 18.0 percent. The types and frequencies of lesions were similar to the those noticed in the literature for chronic renal failure.

Renal involvement in visceral leishmaniasis dogs

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a zoonosis that affects both animals and man. Dogs are the etiological agent’s main reservoir. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical laboratory aspects and renal histopathology of VL dogs. Thirty-four symptomatic (case) and 17 asymptomatic (control) VL seropositive dogs of different breeds, sexes, and ages from Teresina, Piauí State, Brazil, were used. Diagnosis was confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and indirect immunofluorescence test. Clinical and laboratory tests included blood cell count and renal function analysis (urea and creatinine). Animals were subjected to euthanasia and necropsy. Renal fragments were prepared by the usual histological techniques and stained with hematoxylin-eosin and periodic acid-Schiff. Physical examination showed that lymph node hypertrophy (85.29%) and skin lesions (35.29%) were frequent in the case group. Anemia was found in 55.88% of the case and in 11.76% of the control group. There was a significant difference between groups by Fisher’s exact test. Two case-group dogs showed azotemia. Renal histopathological evaluation showed that 61.76% case and 17.65% control-group dogs had membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis was seen in 32.35% case and 64.70% control-group animals. There was a significant difference for both types of glomerulonephritis between groups. Amastigote forms of Leishmania were found in the renal parenchyma, in the inflammatory infiltrate of one case-group dog. We concluded that, in canine VL, regardless of the clinical signs at physical examination, the kidneys are frequently compromised

Hemencyrtus herbertii Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) como parasitóides de dípteros muscóides coletados em Itumbiara, Goiás / Hemencyrtus herbertii Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) as parasitoid of muscoids dipterous collected in Itumbiara Goiás, Brazil

This study determined the species of hosts of the parasitoid Hemencyrtus herbertii Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) in human feces, cattle liver and chicken viscera, collected in Itumbiara, Goias. The pupae were obtained by the flotation method. They were individually placed in gelatin capsules until the emergence of adult flies or their parasitoids. The overall prevalence of parasitism was 23.7 percent.

Efeito da trinitroglicerina na fase prodrômica da laminite equina experimental

O artigo não apresenta resumo.

Microhimenópteros parasitóides de dípteros muscóides coletados em diferentes substratos em área de mata em Itumbiara, Goiás / Microhimenopterous parasitoids of muscoids dipterous collected from different substrata in a wood area in Itumbiara, Goias, Brazil

This paper reports the occurrence of parasitoids in pupae of flies (Diptera) collected from several different substrata in Itumbiara, Goiás, Brazil. The pupae were isolated by flotation. They were individually placed into gelatin capsules and kept until the emergency of adult flies or their parasitoids. From March 2001 through April 2002, a total of 684 parasitoids and 830 pupae of flies were collected from humans feces, chicken viscera, fish, and bovine kidney. Brachymeria podagrica were identified in a high number of samples. The prevalence of parasitism was of 82.4 percent.

Parasitoids of flies collected in chicken viscera in Itumbiara, Goiás, Brazil

Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar as espécies de parasitoides associados com moscas coletadas em vísceras de galinha, em Itumbiara, Goiás. Armadilhas contendo vísceras de galinha como isca foram utilizadas para atrair a moscas. As pupas, obtidas pelo método de flutuaçäo, foram colocadas individualmente em cápsulas de gelatina (nº 00) e mantidas em laboratório até a emergência das moscas e/ou dos parasitoides. A prevalência total de parasitismo foi de 20,0 por cento. Brachymeria podagrica, Hemencyrtus sp. (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), Nasonia vitripennis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), Paraganaspis egeria (Díaz, Gallardo & Wash) (Hymenoptera: Figitidae), apresentaram prevalência de parasitismo de 8,9 por cento, 10,8 por cento, 0,9 por cento e 0,3 por cento, respectivamente.

Ocorrência de Brachymeria podagrica (Fabricius) (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) como parasitóide de dípteros coletados em diferentes substratos em Itumbiara, Sul de Goiás, Brasil / Occurrence of Brachymeria podagrica (Fabricius) (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) as parasitoid of díptera collected in different substrata in Itumbiara, South of Goiás, Brazil

This work aimed to study the prevalence of parasitism of the parasitoid Brachymeria podagrica in Itumbiara, Goiás, using five different substrata: cattle kidneys, human feces, viscera of chicken, fish and cattle liver. The pupae were obtained by the flotation method. They were individually placed in gelatin capsules until the emergency of the adult flies or their parasitoids. The prevalence of parasitism was of 13.8 percent

Desvendando uma historia de exclusao: a experiencia do Centro de Documentacao e Pesquisa do Hospital Colonia Itapua / Revealing a history of exclusion: the experience at Hospital Colonia Itapua Data and Research Center

Fundado em maio de 1940, no município de Viamão, Rio Grande do Sul, o Hospital Colônia Itapuã foi criado para abrigar os portadores do mal de Hansen. Construído para funcionar como uma microcidade, o hospital foi palco de inúmeras histórias de vida e trabalho. Os fragmentos destas trajetórias coletivas e individuais estão sendo resgatados desde 1999, quando foi implementado o Centro de Documentação e Pesquisa (Cedope/HCI). É atravésw das atividades deste centro que propomos apresentar uma aproximação com a história do hospital e daqueles que viveram e ainda vivem nesta instituição

Aminoacidos escenciales y no escenciales en la insuficiencia renal aguda

Existen controversias acerca de la eficiencia del uso exclusivo de aminoácidos esenciales en nutrición parenteral (NPT) para pacientes con insuficiencia renal aguda. Para estudiar el impacto sobre la insuficiencia renal, en pacientes post cirugía cardíaca, fueron randomizados los pacientes en la unidad de terapia intensiva divididos en dos grupos. Grupo AE con 17 pacientes en NPT con solo aminoácidos esensiales y el grupo AT con 17 pacientes en NPT con aminoácidos esenciales y no esenciales. La NPT fue dada en promedio por 10 días. Los pacientes dializados tuvieron menor recuperación de la función renal y mortalidad mas alta (p<0.05). En conclusión la NPT con AE en insuficiencia renal aguda no modificó los niveles de urea y creatina y tasa de mortalidad, cuando se comparó con la NPT con mezcla completa de aminoácidos.